Zakon o ratifikaciji Konvencije o pomoči pri preskrbi s hrano (MKPPH)

Ratificira se Konvencija o pomoči pri preskrbi s hrano, sklenjena v Londonu 25. aprila 2012.

Besedilo konvencije se v izvirniku v angleškem in prevodu v slovenskem jeziku glasi: The Parties to this Convention, Confirming their continued commitment to the still valid objectives of the Food Aid Convention, 1999, to contribute to world food security, and to improve the ability of the international community to respond to emergency food situations and other food needs of developing countries; Seeking to improve the effectiveness, efficiency, and quality of food assistance in preserving the lives and alleviating the suffering of the most vulnerable populations, especially in emergency situations, by strengthening international cooperation and coordination, in particular among the Parties and stakeholders; Recognising that vulnerable populations have particular food and nutritional needs; Affirming that States have the primary responsibility for their own national food security, and therefore for the progressive realisation of the right to adequate food as set out in the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Voluntary Guidelines to support the Progressive Realization of the Right to Adequate Food in the Context of National Food Security adopted by the FAO Council in November 2004; Encouraging governments of food insecure countries to develop and implement country-owned strategies that address the root causes of food insecurity through long-term measures, and that ensure proper linkages between relief, recovery and development activities; Referring to international humanitarian law and the fundamental humanitarian principles of humanity, impartiality, neutrality and independence; Referring to the Principles and Good Practice of Humanitarian Donorship, endorsed in Stockholm on 17 June 2003; Recognising that the Parties have their own policies related to providing food assistance in emergency and non-emergency situations; Considering the World Food Summit Plan of Action adopted in Rome in 1996, as well as the Five Rome Principles for Sustainable Global Food Security identified in the Declaration of the World Summit on Food Security of 2009, in particular the commitment to achieve food security in all countries and the ongoing effort to reduce poverty and eradicate hunger that was reaffirmed by the United Nations General Assembly in the United Nations Millennium Declaration; Considering the commitments made by donor and recipient countries to improve development aid effectiveness by applying the principles of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development's (OECD) Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness adopted in 2005; Determined to act in accordance with their World Trade Organization (WTO) obligations, in particular any WTO disciplines on food aid; Have agreed as follows: The objectives of this Convention are to save lives, reduce hunger, improve food security, and improve the nutritional status of the most vulnerable populations by: (a) addressing the food and nutritional needs of the most vulnerable populations through commitments made by the Parties to provide food assistance that improves access to, and consumption of, adequate, safe and nutritious food; (b) ensuring that food assistance provided to the most vulnerable populations is appropriate, timely, effective, efficient, and based on needs and shared principles; and (c) facilitating information-sharing, cooperation, and coordination, and providing a forum for discussion in order to improve the effective, efficient, and coherent use of the Parties' resources to respond to needs. The Parties, in providing and delivering food assistance to the most vulnerable populations, should always adhere to the following principles: (a) General principles of food assistance: (i) provide food assistance only when it is the most effective and appropriate means of addressing the food or nutrition needs of the most vulnerable populations; (ii) provide food assistance, taking into account the long-term rehabilitation and development objectives of the recipient countries, while supporting the broader goal of achieving food security, whenever appropriate; (iii) provide food assistance in a manner that protects livelihoods and strengthens the self-reliance and resilience of vulnerable populations, and local communities, and that prevents, prepares for, mitigates and responds to food security crises; (iv) provide food assistance in such a way as to avoid dependency and minimise direct and indirect negative impacts on beneficiaries and others; (v) provide food assistance in a way that does not adversely affect local production, market conditions, marketing structures and commercial trade or the price of essential goods for vulnerable populations; (vi) provide food aid in fully grant form, whenever possible; (b) Principles of food assistance effectiveness: (i) in order to increase the amount available to spend on food assistance for vulnerable populations and to promote efficiency, minimise associated costs as much as possible; (ii) actively seek to cooperate, coordinate and share information to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of food assistance programs, and the coherence between food assistance and related policy areas and instruments; (iii) purchase food and other components of food assistance locally or regionally, whenever possible and appropriate; (iv) increasingly provide untied cash-based food assistance, whenever possible and based on needs; (v) only monetise food aid where there is an identified need to do so, and to improve the food security of vulnerable populations; base monetisation on transparent and objective market analysis and avoid commercial displacement; (vi) ensure food assistance is not used to promote the market development objectives of the Parties; (vii) avoid re-exportation of food aid to the maximum extent possible except to prevent or respond to an emergency situation; only re-export food aid in a manner that avoids commercial displacement; (viii) acknowledge, where appropriate, that relevant authorities or relevant stakeholders have the primary role and responsibility for the organisation, coordination and implementation of food assistance operations; (c) Principles on the provision of food assistance: (i) target food assistance according to the food and nutrition needs of the most vulnerable populations; (ii) involve beneficiaries in the assessment of their needs and in the design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of food assistance, as well as other relevant stakeholders, where appropriate; (iii) provide food assistance that meets applicable safety and quality standards, and that respects cultural and local dietary habits and the nutritional needs of the beneficiaries; (iv) uphold the dignity of beneficiaries of food assistance; (d) Principles of food assistance accountability: (i) take specific and appropriate measures to strengthen the accountability and transparency of food assistance policies, programs, and operations; (ii) monitor, evaluate, and communicate, on a regular and transparent basis, the outcomes and the impact of food assistance activities in order to further develop best practices and maximise their effectiveness. Nothing in this Convention shall derogate from any existing or future WIO obligations applicable between Parties. In case of conflict between such obligations and this Convention, the former shall prevail. Nothing in this Convention will prejudice the positions that a Party may adopt in any negotiations in the WTO. 1. "Eligible Country" means any country on the OECD's Development Assistance Committee (DAC) list of Official Development Assistance Recipients, or any other country identified in the Rules of Procedure and Implementation. 2. "Eligible Vulnerable Populations" means vulnerable populations in any Eligible Country. 3. "Eligible Products" means products for human consumption that comply with relevant national policies and legislation of the country of operation, including, as appropriate, applicable international food safety and quality standards as well as products that contribute to meeting food needs and protecting livelihoods in emergency and early recovery situations. The list of Eligible Products is provided in the Rules of Procedure and Implementation. 4. Eligible Activities for the fulfilment of a Party's minimum annual commitment in accordance with Article 5 shall be consistent with Article 1, and shall include at least the following activities: (a) the provision and distribution of Eligible Products; (b) the provision of cash and vouchers; and (c) nutritional interventions. These Eligible Activities are further elaborated in the Rules of Procedure and Implementation. 5. Associated Costs eligible for the fulfilment of a Party's minimum annual commitment according to Article 5 shall be consistent with Article 1, and shall be limited to costs directly linked to the provision of Eligible Activities, as further elaborated in the Rules of Procedure and Implementation. 1. To meet the objectives of this Convention, each Party agrees to make an annual commitment of food assistance, set in accordance with its laws and regulations. Each Party's commitment is referred to as its "minimum annual commitment". 2. The minimum annual commitment shall be expressed in terms of value or quantity as further elaborated in the Rules of Procedure and Implementation. A Party may choose to express either a minimum value or a minimum quantity, or a combination of both for its commitment. 3. Minimum annual commitments in terms of value can be expressed in the currency chosen by the Party. Minimum annual commitments in terms of quantity can be expressed in tonnes of grain equivalent or other units of measure provided under the Rules of Procedure and Implementation. 4. Each Party shall notify the Secretariat of its initial minimum annual commitment as soon as possible and no later than six months following the entry into force of this Convention, or within three months of its accession to this Convention. 5. Each Party shall notify the Secretariat of any change to its minimum annual commitment for subsequent years no later than the fifteenth day of December of the year preceding the change. 6. The Secretariat shall communicate the updated minimum annual commitments to all of the Parties as soon as possible and no later than the first day of January of each year. 7. Contributions made to meet minimum annual commitments should be made in fully grant form whenever possible. With respect to food assistance counted towards a Party's commitment, not less than 80 per cent provided to Eligible Countries and Eligible Vulnerable Populations, as further elaborated in the Rules of Procedure and Implementation, shall be in fully grant form. To the extent possible, the Parties shall seek progressively to exceed this percentage. Contributions that are not made in fully grant form should be accounted for in each Party's annual report. 8. The Parties shall undertake to conduct all food assistance transactions under this Convention in such a way as to avoid harmful interference with normal patterns of production and international commercial trade. 9. The Parties shall ensure that the provision of food assistance is not tied directly or indirectly, formally or informally, explicitly or implicitly, to commercial exports of agricultural products or other goods and services to recipient countries. 10. To meet its minimum annual commitment, whether expressed in value or quantity, a Party shall make contributions that are consistent with this Convention and that consist of funding for Eligible Products and Activities, and Associated Costs, as set forth in Article 4, and as further elaborated in the Rules of Procedure and Implementation. 11. Contributions provided to meet the minimum annual commitment under this Convention may only be directed at Eligible Countries or Eligible Vulnerable Populations, as set forth in Article 4 and as further elaborated in the Rules of Procedure and Implementation. 12. The Parties' contributions may be provided bilaterally, through intergovernmental or other international organisations, or through other food assistance partners, but not through other Parties. 13. Each Party shall make every effort to meet its minimum annual commitment. If a Party is unable to meet its minimum annual commitment for a particular year, it shall describe the circumstances of its failure to do so in its annual report for that year. The unfulfilled amount shall be added to the Party's minimum annual commitment for the following year unless the Committee established under Article 7 decides otherwise, or unless extraordinary circumstances justify not doing so. 14. If a Party's contribution exceeds its minimum annual commitment, the amount of the excess, but not more than five per cent of its minimum annual commitment, may be counted as part of the Party's contribution for the following year. 1. Within ninety days after the end of the calendar year, each Party shall provide an annual report, in accordance with the Rules of Procedure and Implementation, to the Secretariat, detailing how it met its minimum annual commitment under this Convention. 2. This annual report shall contain a narrative component that may include information on how the Party's food assistance policies, programs and operations contribute to the objectives and principles of this Convention. 3. The Parties should, on an ongoing basis, exchange information on their food assistance policies and programs and the results of their evaluations of these policies and programs. 1. A Food Assistance Committee (the "Committee"), consisting of all of the Parties to this Convention, is hereby established. 2. The Committee shall make the decisions at its formal sessions and perform the functions that are required to carry out the provisions of this Convention in accordance with the principles and objectives of the Convention. 3. The Committee shall adopt rules governing its proceedings; it may also adopt rules elaborating further the provisions of this Convention to ensure that they are properly implemented. Document FAC(11/12)1 – 25 April 2012 of the Food Aid Committee of the Food Aid Convention, 1999 shall serve as the initial Rules of Procedure and Implementation for this Convention. The Committee may subsequently decide to modify those Rules of Procedure and Implementation. 4. The Committee shall make decisions by consensus, meaning that no Party formally opposes the proposed decision of the Committee on a matter under discussion at a formal session. Formal opposition may occur either at the formal session or within thirty days after the circulation of the minutes of a formal session recording the proposed decisions concerned. 5. For each year, the Secretariat shall prepare a summary report for the Committee, to be drafted, adopted and published, in accordance with the Rules of Procedure and Implementation. 6. The Committee should provide a forum for discussion among the Parties with respect to food assistance matters, such as the need to mobilise appropriate and timely resource commitments to address the food and nutritional needs, especially in specific emergency and crisis situations. It should facilitate information-sharing with and dissemination to other stakeholders, and should consult with and receive information from them to support its discussions. 7. Each Party shall designate a representative to receive notices and other communications from the Secretariat. 1. At the last formal session held in each year, the Committee shall decide on a Chairperson and a Vice-Chairperson for the following year. 2. The Chairperson shall have the following duties: (a) to approve the draft agenda for each formal session or informal meeting; (b) to preside at formal sessions or informal meetings; (c) to open and close each formal session or informal meeting; (d) to submit the draft agenda to the Committee for adoption at the beginning of each formal session or informal meeting; (e) to direct discussions and ensure that the procedures specified in the Rules of Procedure and Implementation are observed; (f) to invite the Parties to speak; (g) to rule on points of order in accordance with the relevant Rules of Procedure and Implementation; and (h) to ask questions and announce decisions. 3. If the Chairperson is absent from all or part of a formal session or an informal meeting, or is temporarily unable to fill the office of Chairperson, the Vice-Chairperson shall act as Chairperson. In the absence of the Chairperson and the Vice-Chairperson, the Committee shall appoint a temporary Chairperson. 4. If, for any reason, the Chairperson is unable to continue to fill the office of Chairperson, the Vice-Chairperson shall become Chairperson until the end of the year. 1. The Committee shall hold formal sessions and informal meetings according to the Rules of Procedure and Implementation. 2. The Committee shall hold at least one formal session a year. 3. The Committee shall hold additional formal sessions and informal meetings at the request of the Chairperson or at the request of at least three of the Parties. 4. The Committee may invite observers and relevant stakeholders who wish to discuss particular food assistance related matters to attend its formal sessions or informal meetings in accordance with the Rules of Procedure and Implementation. 5. The Committee shall meet at a location determined in accordance with the Rules of Procedure and Implementation. 6. The agenda for formal sessions and informal meetings shall be developed in accordance with the Rules of Procedure and Implementation. 7. The minutes of a formal session, which shall include any proposed decisions of the Committee, shall be circulated within thirty days after the formal session. 1. The Committee shall designate a Secretariat and request its services, in accordance with the Rules of Procedure and Implementation. The Committee shall request of the International Grains Council (IGC) that its Secretariat act as the initial Secretariat of the Committee. 2. The Secretariat shall perform the duties that are set out in this Convention and the Rules of Procedure and Implementation perform any administrative duties, including the processing and distribution of documents and reports, and carry out other functions identified by the Committee. The Committee shall seek to resolve any dispute among the Parties concerning the interpretation or implementation of this Convention or the Rules of Procedure and Implementation, including any claim of failure to perform the obligations set out in this Convention. This Convention shall be open for signature by Argentina, Australia, the Republic of Austria, the Kingdom of Belgium, the Republic of Bulgaria, Canada, the Republic of Croatia, the Republic of Cyprus, the Czech Republic, the Kingdom of Denmark, the European Union, the Republic of Estonia, the Republic of Finland, the French Republic, the Federal Republic of Germany, the Hellenic Republic, Hungary, Ireland, the Italian Republic, Japan, the Republic of Latvia, the Republic of Lithuania, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the Republic of Malta, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the Kingdom of Norway, the Republic of Poland, the Portuguese Republic, Romania, the Slovak Republic, the Republic of Slovenia, the Kingdom of Spain, the Kingdom of Sweden, the Swiss Confederation, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and the United States of America, at United Nations Headquarters in New York from 11 June 2012 until 31 December 2012. This Convention shall be subject to ratification, acceptance or approval by each Signatory. Instruments of ratification, acceptance or approval shall be deposited with the Depositary. 1. Any State listed in Article 12 that has not signed this Convention by the end of the signature period, or the European Union if it has not signed by that time, may accede to it at any time after that period. Instruments of accession shall be deposited with the Depositary. 2. Once this Convention has entered into force in accordance with Article 15, it shall be open for accession by any State other than those referred to in Article 12 or by a Separate Customs Territory possessing full autonomy in the conduct of its external commercial relations that is deemed eligible by a decision of the Committee. Instruments of accession shall be deposited with the Depositary. Any State referred to in Article 12, or the European Union, that intends to ratify, accept, or approve this Convention or accede thereto, or any State or Separate Customs Territory deemed eligible under Article 13(2) for accession by a decision of the Committee but has not yet deposited its instrument, may at any time deposit a notification of provisional application of this Convention with the Depositary. The Convention shall apply provisionally for that State, Separate Customs Territory, or the European Union from the date of deposit of its notification. 1. This Convention shall enter into force on 1 January 2013 if by 30 November 2012 five Signatories have deposited instruments of ratification, acceptance, or approval. 2. If this Convention does not enter into force in accordance with paragraph 1, the Signatories to this Convention that have deposited instruments of ratification, acceptance, or approval and States or the European Union that have deposited instruments of accession pursuant to Article 13(1) may decide by unanimous consent that it shall enter into force among themselves. 3. For any State or Separate Customs Territory, or the European Union, that ratifies, accepts, approves, or accedes to the Convention after the Convention enters into force, this Convention shall enter into force on the date of the deposit of its instrument of ratification, approval, acceptance, or accession. 1. At any time after the entry into force of this Convention, a Party may propose an assessment of the relevance of this Convention or propose amendments to it. Any proposed amendments shall be circulated by the Secretariat to all of the Parties at least six months in advance and discussed at the next formal session of the Committee following the end of the notice period. 2. Proposals for amendment to this Convention shall be adopted by decision of the Committee. The Secretariat shall communicate to all of the Parties, and to the Depositary, any proposals for amendment adopted by the Committee. The Depositary shall circulate any adopted amendment to all Parties. 3. Notification of acceptance of an amendment shall be sent to the Depositary. An adopted amendment shall enter into force for those Parties having sent that notification, ninety days after the date on which the Depositary has received such notifications from not less than four fifths of the number of Parties to this Convention on the date of adoption of the proposed amendment by the Committee. Such an amendment shall enter into force for any other Party ninety days after that Party deposits its notification with the Depositary. The Committee may decide that a different threshold be used for the number of notifications required to trigger the entry into force of a specific amendment. The Secretariat shall communicate such a decision to all Parties and the Depositary. 1. Any Party may withdraw from this Convention at the end of any year by giving written notice of withdrawal to the Depositary and the Committee at least ninety days prior to the end of that year. That Party shall not be released from its minimum annual commitment or reporting obligations incurred under this Convention, while it was a Party, that have not been discharged by the end of that year. 2. At any time after the entry into force of this Convention, a Party may propose the termination of this Convention. Such a proposal shall be communicated in writing to the Secretariat and shall be circulated by it to all of the Parties at least six months in advance of its consideration by the Committee. 1. The Secretary-General of the United Nations is designated as the Depositary of this Convention. 2. The Depositary shall receive notice of any signature, ratification, acceptance, approval, notification of provisional application of, and accession to, this Convention, and notify all Parties and Signatories of these notices. The originals of this Convention, of which the English and French texts are equally authentic, shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations. IN WITNESS THEREOF the undersigned, being duly authorised, have signed this Convention. DONE at London, 25 April 2012. Pogodbenice te konvencije so se ob potrditvi, da bodo še naprej zavezane k uresničevanju še vedno veljavnih ciljev Konvencije o pomoči v hrani iz leta 1999, da bodo prispevale k prehranski varnosti v svetu ter izboljšale zmožnost mednarodne skupnosti za odzivanje na izredne razmere in druge potrebe v zvezi s hrano v državah v razvoju; ob prizadevanju za večjo uspešnost, učinkovitost in kakovost pomoči pri preskrbi s hrano za ohranitev življenj in lajšanje trpljenja najranljivejših skupin prebivalstva, zlasti v izrednih razmerah, s krepitvijo mednarodnega sodelovanja in usklajevanja, zlasti med pogodbenicami in zainteresiranimi stranmi; ob zavedanju, da imajo ranljive skupine prebivalstva posebne potrebe po hrani in hranilih; ob potrditvi, da so države v prvi vrsti odgovorne za zagotavljanje lastne prehranske varnosti in s tem za postopno uresničevanje pravice do ustrezne hrane, kakor jo določa Organizacija združenih narodov za prehrano in kmetijstvo (FAO) v Prostovoljnih smernicah v podporo postopnemu uresničevanju pravice do ustrezne hrane v okviru zagotavljanja nacionalne prehranske varnosti, ki jih je Svet FAO sprejel novembra 2004; ob spodbujanju vlad držav z neustrezno prehransko varnostjo, da razvijejo in izvajajo nacionalne strategije, ki opredeljujejo dolgoročne ukrepe za spoprijemanje s temeljnimi vzroki neustrezne prehranske varnosti ter zagotavljajo ustrezne povezave med nujno pomočjo, obnovo in razvojnimi dejavnostmi; ob sklicevanju na mednarodno humanitarno pravo ter temeljna humanitarna načela človečnosti, nepristranskosti, nevtralnosti in neodvisnosti; ob sklicevanju na Načela in dobro prakso človekoljubnega donatorstva, sprejeta v Stockholmu 17. junija 2003; ob zavedanju, da imajo pogodbenice svoje politike, ki se nanašajo na zagotavljanje pomoči pri preskrbi s hrano v izrednih in drugih razmerah; ob upoštevanju Akcijskega načrta svetovnega vrha o hrani, sprejetega v Rimu leta 1996, in petih rimskih načel za trajnostno svetovno prehransko varnost, opredeljenih v Deklaraciji o prehranski varnosti s svetovnega vrha o hrani iz leta 2009, zlasti zaveze za doseganje prehranske varnosti v vseh državah ter stalnega prizadevanja za zmanjšanje revščine in izkoreninjenje lakote, ki ga je ponovno potrdila Generalna skupščina Združenih narodov v Deklaraciji tisočletja Združenih narodov; ob upoštevanju zaveze držav donatoric in držav prejemnic za izboljšanje učinkovitosti razvojne pomoči z uporabo načel iz Pariške deklaracije o učinkovitosti pomoči, ki jo je leta 2005 sprejela Organizacija za gospodarsko sodelovanje in razvoj (OECD); odločene, da bodo ukrepale v skladu s svojimi obveznostmi v okviru Svetovne trgovinske organizacije (WTO), zlasti s pravili WTO o pomoči v hrani, dogovorile:

Cilji te konvencije so reševati življenja, zmanjšati lakoto, izboljšati prehransko varnost in prehranjenost najranljivejših skupin prebivalstva z: (a) zadovoljevanjem potreb po hrani in hranilih najranljivejših skupin prebivalstva na podlagi zavez pogodbenic, da bodo zagotavljale pomoč pri preskrbi s hrano, ki izboljšuje dostop do ustrezne, varne in hranljive hrane ter njeno uživanje; (b) zagotavljanjem, da je pomoč pri preskrbi s hrano za najranljivejše skupine prebivalstva primerna, pravočasna, uspešna, učinkovita in da temelji na potrebah in skupnih načelih, ter (c) omogočanjem izmenjave informacij, sodelovanja in usklajevanja ter zagotovitvijo foruma za razprave, da se pri odzivanju na potrebe izboljšajo uspešnost, učinkovitost in usklajenost porabe virov pogodbenic.

Pogodbenice morajo pri zagotavljanju in uresničevanju pomoči pri preskrbi s hrano za najranljivejše skupine prebivalstva vedno upoštevati ta načela: (a) splošna načela pomoči pri preskrbi s hrano: (i) zagotoviti pomoč pri preskrbi s hrano samo, kadar je to najučinkovitejše in najprimernejše sredstvo za obravnavo potreb po hrani in hranilih skupin prebivalstva; (ii) zagotoviti pomoč pri preskrbi s hrano ob upoštevanju dolgoročnih ciljev obnove in razvojnih ciljev v državah prejemnicah, po potrebi pa podpirati širši cilj doseganja prehranske varnosti; (iii) zagotoviti pomoč pri preskrbi s hrano tako, da se ohranjajo možnosti za preživljanje ter krepita samostojnost in odpornost ranljivih skupin prebivalstva ter lokalnih skupnosti in preprečuje nastanek kriz, povezanih s prehransko varnostjo, omogočijo priprave nanje, da se ublažijo ali zagotovi ukrepanje; (iv) zagotoviti pomoč pri preskrbi s hrano tako, da se prepreči odvisnost ter čim bolj zmanjšajo neposredni in posredni negativni učinki na upravičence in druge; (v) zagotoviti pomoč pri preskrbi s hrano, tako da ne prizadene lokalne proizvodnje, tržnih razmer, tržnih struktur in trgovine ali cen osnovnih dobrin za ranljive skupine prebivalstva; (vi) zagotoviti pomoč v hrani po možnosti v celoti v obliki donacij; (b) načela učinkovitosti pomoči pri preskrbi s hrano: (i) čim bolj zmanjšati stroške, povezane z zagotavljanjem pomoči, da se povečata znesek, ki je na razpolago za pomoč pri preskrbi s hrano za ranljive skupine prebivalstva, in njena učinkovitost; (ii) prizadevati si za sodelovanje, usklajevanje in izmenjavo informacij, da se izboljšajo uspešnost in učinkovitost programov pomoči pri preskrbi s hrano ter usklajenost med pomočjo pri preskrbi s hrano in z njo povezanimi področji politik in dokumenti; (iii) kadar je mogoče in primerno, nabavljati hrano in druge dele pomoči pri preskrbi s hrano na lokalni ali regionalni ravni; (iv) kadar je mogoče in v skladu s potrebami povečevati zagotavljanje nevezanih denarnih sredstev za pomoč pri preskrbi s hrano; (v) dati pomoč za hrano v denarju, samo če se ugotovi taka potreba in se s tem izboljša prehranska varnost ranljivih skupin prebivalstva; pomoč v denarju mora temeljiti na pregledni in nepristranski tržni analizi ter ne sme povzročati motenj na trgu; (vi) zagotoviti, da pomoč pri preskrbi s hrano ne postane sredstvo pogodbenic za uresničevanje lastnih ciljev glede razvoja trga; (vii) čim bolj se izogibati ponovnemu izvozu pomoči v hrani, razen kadar se s tem preprečijo izredne razmere ali zagotovi odziv nanje; ponovno izvoziti pomoč v hrani samo tako, da se ne povzročajo motnje na trgu; (viii) po potrebi priznati pristojnim organom ali zainteresiranim stranem glavno vlogo in odgovornost za organizacijo, usklajevanje in izvajanje pomoči pri preskrbi s hrano; (c) načela zagotavljanja pomoči pri preskrbi s hrano: (i) usmeriti pomoč pri preskrbi s hrano na potrebe po hrani in hranilih najranljivejših skupin prebivalstva; (ii) vključiti upravičence v ocenjevanje svojih potreb ter opredelitev, izvajanje, spremljanje in vrednotenje pomoči pri preskrbi s hrano, po potrebi pa tudi druge ustrezne zainteresirane strani; (iii) zagotoviti pomoč pri preskrbi s hrano, ki ustreza veljavnim standardom varnosti in kakovosti ter spoštuje kulturne in lokalne prehranjevalne navade ter prehranske potrebe upravičencev; (iv) spoštovati dostojanstvo upravičencev do pomoči pri preskrbi s hrano; (d) načela odgovornosti pri pomoči pri preskrbi s hrano: (i) sprejeti posebne in ustrezne ukrepe za večjo odgovornost in preglednost politik, programov in dejavnosti v zvezi s pomočjo pri preskrbi s hrano; (ii) redno in pregledno spremljati in sporočati rezultate in učinek dejavnosti pri pomoči pri preskrbi s hrano, da se dodatno razvijejo dobre prakse in čim bolj poveča njihova učinkovitost.

Nič v tej konvenciji ne vpliva na obstoječe ali prihodnje obveznosti, ki veljajo za pogodbenice WTO. Ob razlikah med temi obveznostmi in to konvencijo prevladajo prve. Nič v tej konvenciji ne vpliva na stališča, ki jih posamezna pogodbenica lahko sprejme pri pogajanjih WTO.

1. „Upravičena država“ je katera koli država na seznamu prejemnic uradne razvojne pomoči Odbora za razvojno pomoč (DAC) pri OECD ali katera koli druga država, navedena v Pravilniku o postopkih in izvajanju. 2. „Upravičene ranljive skupine prebivalstva“ so ranljive skupine prebivalstva v kateri koli upravičeni državi. 3. „Upravičeni proizvodi“ so proizvodi za prehrano ljudi, ki so ustrezni glede na nacionalne politike in zakonodajo namembne države, po potrebi tudi glede na mednarodnoveljavne standarde kakovosti in varnosti hrane, ter proizvodi, ki pripomorejo k zadovoljevanju potreb po hrani ter ohranjanju možnosti za preživljanje v izrednih razmerah in v razmerah zgodnje obnove. Seznam upravičenih proizvodov je naveden v Pravilniku o postopkih in izvajanju. 4. Upravičene dejavnosti za izpolnitev minimalne letne zaveze pogodbenice po 5. členu so skladne s 1. členom in vključujejo vsaj eno od teh dejavnosti: (a) zagotavljanje in razdeljevanje upravičenih proizvodov; (b) zagotavljanje gotovine in kuponov ter (c) prehranske intervencije. Navedene upravičene dejavnosti so podrobneje opisane v Pravilniku o postopkih in izvajanju. 5. Povezani stroški, upravičeni za izpolnjevanje minimalne letne zaveze pogodbenice po 5. členu, so skladni s 1. členom in so omejeni na stroške, neposredno povezane z izvajanjem upravičenih dejavnosti, ki so podrobneje razložene v Pravilniku o postopkih in izvajanju.

1. Vsaka pogodbenica se strinja, da bo za izpolnitev ciljev te konvencije prevzela letno obveznost glede pomoči pri preskrbi s hrano, ki jo določi v skladu s svojimi zakoni in predpisi. Obveznost vsake pogodbenice je njena „najmanjša letna obveznost“. 2. Najmanjša letna obveznost je izražena v vrednosti ali količini, kakor je podrobneje določeno v Pravilniku o postopkih in izvajanju. Pogodbenica se lahko odloči, da bo njena obveznost izražena v najmanjši vrednosti ali najmanjši količini ali pa kot kombinacija obojega. 3. Najmanjše letne obveznosti v vrednosti so lahko izražene v valuti, ki jo izbere pogodbenica. Najmanjše letne obveznosti v količini so lahko izražene v denarni protivrednosti ton žita ali v drugih merskih enotah, navedenih v Pravilniku o postopkih in izvajanju. 4. Vsaka pogodbenica uradno obvesti sekretariat o svoji začetni najmanjši letni obveznosti čim prej, vendar ne pozneje kot šest mesecev po začetku veljavnosti te konvencije ali tri mesece po pristopu k njej. 5. Vsaka pogodbenica uradno obvesti sekretariat o vsaki spremembi svoje najmanjše letne obveznosti za naslednja leta najpozneje do 15. decembra v letu pred spremembo. 6. Sekretariat čim prej, vendar ne pozneje kot 1. januarja vsako leto vse pogodbenice obvesti o spremembah najmanjših letnih obveznosti. 7. Prispevki za izpolnitev najmanjših letnih obveznosti bi se morali, če je le mogoče, v celoti zagotoviti kot donacije. Pri pomoči pri preskrbi s hrano, ki se šteje za obveznost pogodbenice, se najmanj 80 odstotkov te pomoči za upravičene države in upravičene ranljive skupine prebivalstva, kakor je podrobneje opredeljeno v Pravilniku o postopkih in izvajanju, zagotovi kot donacija. Pogodbenice si čim bolj prizadevajo, da ta odstotek postopoma povečujejo. Vsaka pogodbenica prispevke, ki niso v celoti zagotovljeni kot donacija, navede v svojem letnem poročilu. 8. Pogodbenice se zavežejo, da bodo vso pomoč pri preskrbi s hrano na podlagi te konvencije izvedle tako, da se preprečijo škodljive motnje običajnih načinov proizvodnje in mednarodne trgovine. 9. Pogodbenice zagotovijo, da pomoč pri preskrbi s hrano neposredno ali posredno, formalno ali neformalno, izrecno ali neizrecno ni povezana s komercialnim izvozom kmetijskih ali drugih proizvodov in storitev v države prejemnice. 10. Pogodbenica za izpolnitev svoje najmanjše letne obveznosti, ki je lahko v vrednosti ali količini, zagotovi prispevke, ki so v skladu s konvencijo in so namenjeni financiranju upravičenih proizvodov, dejavnosti in povezanih stroškov iz 4. člena te konvencije, kot je podrobneje opredeljeno v Pravilniku o postopkih in izvajanju. 11. Prispevki za izpolnitev najmanjše letne obveznosti iz te konvencije se lahko namenijo samo upravičenim državam ali upravičenim ranljivim skupinam prebivalstva iz 4. člena, kot je podrobneje opredeljeno v Pravilniku o postopkih in izvajanju. 12. Prispevki pogodbenic se lahko zagotovijo dvostransko, prek medvladnih ali drugih mednarodnih organizacij ali drugih partnerjev za pomoč pri preskrbi s hrano, vendar ne prek drugih pogodbenic. 13. Vsaka pogodbenica si čim bolj prizadeva izpolniti svojo najmanjšo letno obveznost. Če pogodbenica v posameznem letu ne more izpolniti svoje najmanjše letne obveznosti, v letnem poročilu za to leto opiše okoliščine, zaradi katerih izpolnitev ni bila mogoča. Nerealizirani znesek se prišteje k najmanjši letni obveznosti pogodbenice za naslednje leto, razen če odbor, ustanovljen po 7. členu, ne določi drugače ali če to upravičujejo izredne okoliščine. 14. Če prispevek pogodbenice presega njeno najmanjšo letno obveznost, se lahko presežek, vendar največ pet odstotkov najmanjše letne obveznosti, šteje kot del prispevka pogodbenice za naslednje leto.

1. Vsaka pogodbenica v devetdesetih dneh po koncu koledarskega leta sekretariatu predloži letno poročilo v skladu s Pravilnikom o postopkih in izvajanju ter v njem podrobno razloži, kako je izpolnila svojo najmanjšo letno obveznost po tej konvenciji. 2. Navedeno letno poročilo ima vsebinski del, ki lahko vsebuje informacije o tem, kako so politike, programi in dejavnosti pogodbenice na področju pomoči pri preskrbi s hrano prispevali k uresničitvi ciljev in načel iz te konvencije. 3. Pogodbenice morajo stalno izmenjavati informacije o svojih politikah in programih na področju pomoči pri preskrbi s hrano ter ugotovitve vrednotenj teh politik in programov.

1. Ustanovi se Odbor za pomoč pri preskrbi s hrano (v nadaljnjem besedilu: odbor), ki ga sestavljajo vse pogodbenice te konvencije. 2. Odbor sprejema sklepe na uradnih zasedanjih in opravlja naloge, potrebne za izvajanje določb te konvencije v skladu z njenimi načeli in cilji. 3. Odbor sprejme pravila, ki urejajo njegovo delo; sprejme lahko tudi pravila, ki podrobneje razlagajo določbe te konvencije, da se zagotovi njihovo ustrezno izvajanje. Dokument FAC(11/12)1 z dne 25. aprila 2012, ki ga je pripravil Odbor za pomoč v hrani, iz Konvencije o pomoči v hrani, 1999, se na začetku uporabi kot pravilnik o postopkih in izvajanju za to konvencijo. Odbor lahko pozneje sprejme sklep o spremembi tega pravilnika o postopkih in izvajanju. 4. Odbor sprejema sklepe s soglasjem, kar pomeni, da nobena pogodbenica uradno ne nasprotuje predlaganemu sklepu odbora v zvezi z zadevo, obravnavano na uradnem zasedanju. Uradno nasprotovanje se lahko izrazi na uradnem zasedanju ali v tridesetih dneh po tistem, ko je bil razposlan zapisnik uradnega zasedanja, v katerem so zapisani ti predlagani sklepi. 5. Sekretariat za odbor vsako leto pripravi zbirno poročilo, ki je sestavljeno, sprejeto in objavljeno v skladu s Pravilnikom o postopkih in izvajanju. 6. Odbor mora zagotoviti forum za razpravo pogodbenic o pomoči pri preskrbi s hrano kot je na primer potreba, da se spodbudi pravočasno in ustrezno izpolnjevanje obveznosti glede virov za zadovoljitev potreb po hrani in hranilih, zlasti v posebnih izrednih in kriznih razmerah. Omogočati mora izmenjavo informacij z drugimi zainteresiranimi stranmi in jim dajati informacije, mora pa se z njimi tudi posvetovati in od njih prejemati informacije za pomoč pri razpravah. 7. Vsaka pogodbenica imenuje predstavnika, ki od sekretariata prejema obvestila in druga sporočila.

1. Odbor vsako leto na svojem zadnjem uradnem zasedanju imenuje predsednika in podpredsednika za naslednje leto. 2. Predsednik ima te naloge: (a) odobri osnutek dnevnega reda posameznega uradnega zasedanja ali neuradnega sestanka; (b) predseduje uradnim zasedanjem ali neuradnim sestankom; (c) odpre in sklene posamezno uradno zasedanje ali neuradni sestanek; (d) na začetku posameznega uradnega zasedanja ali neuradnega sestanka predloži odboru osnutek dnevnega reda v sprejetje; (e) vodi razprave in zagotavlja spoštovanje postopkov, določenih v Pravilniku o postopkih in izvajanju; (f) daje besedo pogodbenicam; (g) odloča o vprašanjih, povezanih z dnevnim redom, v skladu z ustreznimi določbami Pravilnika o postopkih in izvajanju ter (h) zastavlja vprašanja in razglaša sklepe. 3. Če predsednik na uradnem zasedanju ali neuradnem sestanku oziroma na delu uradnega zasedanja ali neuradnega sestanka ni navzoč ali začasno ne more opravljati nalog predsednika, ga nadomešča podpredsednik. Če sta predsednik in podpredsednik odsotna, odbor imenuje začasnega predsednika. 4. Če predsednik zaradi katerega koli razloga ne more več opravljati svojih nalog, ga do konca leta nadomešča podpredsednik.

1. Uradna zasedanja in neuradni sestanki odbora potekajo v skladu s Pravilnikom o postopkih in izvajanju. 2. Uradno zasedanje odbora je najmanj enkrat letno. 3. Dodatna uradna zasedanja in neuradni sestanki odbora se skličejo na zahtevo predsednika ali najmanj treh pogodbenic. 4. Odbor lahko v skladu s Pravilnikom o postopkih in izvajanju povabi opazovalce in zainteresirane strani, ki želijo razpravljati o posebnih vprašanjih, povezanih s pomočjo pri preskrbi s hrano, da se udeležijo njegovih uradnih zasedanj ali neuradnih sestankov. 5. Odbor se sestaja na lokaciji, določeni v skladu s Pravilnikom o postopkih in izvajanju. 6. Dnevni red uradnih zasedanj in neuradnih sestankov se pripravi v skladu s Pravilnikom o postopkih in izvajanju. 7. Zapisnik uradnega zasedanja, ki vključuje vse predlagane sklepe odbora, se razpošlje v tridesetih dneh po uradnem zasedanju.

1. Odbor imenuje sekretariat in uporablja njegove storitve v skladu s Pravilnikom o postopkih in izvajanju. Odbor zaprosi Mednarodni svet za žito (IGC), da njegov sekretariat na začetku opravlja naloge sekretariata odbora. 2. Sekretariat opravlja naloge, opredeljene v tej konvenciji in Pravilniku o postopkih in izvajanju, ter morebitne administrativne naloge, vključno s pripravo in pošiljanjem dokumentov in poročil, opravlja pa tudi druge naloge, ki jih določi odbor.

Odbor si prizadeva reševati spore med pogodbenicami zaradi razlage ali izvajanja te konvencije ali Pravilnika o postopkih in izvajanju, vključno s pritožbami o neizpolnjevanju obveznosti iz te konvencije.

Ta konvencija je na voljo za podpis Argentini, Avstraliji, Republiki Avstriji, Kraljevini Belgiji, Republiki Bolgariji, Republiki Cipru, Češki republiki, Kraljevini Danski, Republiki Estoniji, Evropski uniji, Francoski republiki, Republiki Finski, Helenski republiki, Republiki Hrvaški, Irski, Italijanski republiki, Japonski, Kanadi, Republiki Latviji, Republiki Litvi, Velikemu vojvodstvu Luksemburgu, Madžarski, Republiki Malti, Zvezni republiki Nemčiji, Kraljevini Nizozemski, Kraljevini Norveški, Republiki Poljski, Portugalski republiki, Romuniji, Slovaški republiki, Republiki Sloveniji, Kraljevini Španiji, Kraljevini Švedski, Švicarski konfederaciji, Združenemu kraljestvu Velika Britanija in Severna Irska in Združenim državam Amerike od 11. junija 2012 do 31. decembra 2012 na sedežu Združenih narodov v New Yorku. Vsaka podpisnica to konvencijo ratificira, sprejme ali odobri. Listine o ratifikaciji, sprejetju ali odobritvi se deponirajo pri depozitarju.

1. Država iz 12. člena, ki ni podpisala te konvencije do poteka obdobja za podpis, ali Evropska unija, če konvencije do takrat ni podpisala, lahko k njej pristopi kadar koli po poteku tega obdobja. Listine o pristopu se deponirajo pri depozitarju. 2. Ko konvencija začne veljati v skladu s 15. členom, je na voljo za pristop vsem državam, ki niso navedene v 12. členu, ali ločenim carinskim območjem, ki so v celoti samostojna pri urejanju zunanjetrgovinskih odnosov in se štejejo za upravičena v skladu s sklepom odbora. Listine o pristopu se deponirajo pri depozitarju.

Vse države, ki so navedene v 12. členu, ali Evropska unija, ki namerava to konvencijo ratificirati, sprejeti ali odobriti ali k njej pristopiti, ali vse države ali ločena carinska območja, ki se v skladu z drugim odstavkom 13. člena štejejo za upravičene do pristopa na podlagi sklepa odbora, vendar še niso deponirale svoje listine, lahko pri depozitarju kadar koli deponirajo uradno obvestilo o začasni uporabi te konvencije. Konvencija se za te države, ločena carinska območja ali Evropsko unijo začasno uporablja od dneva deponiranja uradnega obvestila.

1. Ta konvencija začne veljati 1. januarja 2013, če do 30. novembra 2012 pet podpisnic deponira listino o ratifikaciji, sprejetju ali odobritvi. 2. Če ta konvencija ne začne veljati skladno s prvim odstavkom, lahko podpisnice te konvencije, ki so deponirale listino o ratifikaciji, sprejetju ali odobritvi, in države ali Evropska unija, ki so deponirale listino o pristopu v skladu s prvim odstavkom 13. člena, soglasno sklenejo, da zanje konvencija začne veljati. 3. Če država, ločeno carinsko območje ali Evropska unija konvencijo ratificira, sprejme, odobri ali k njej pristopi po začetku njene veljavnosti, začne zanjo veljati z dnem deponiranja njene listine o ratifikaciji, sprejetju, odobritvi ali pristopu.

1. Pogodbenica lahko da predlog za presojo ustreznosti ali spremembo te konvencije kadar koli po njenem začetku veljavnosti. Sekretariat razpošlje vse predloge za spremembo vsem pogodbenicam najmanj šest mesecev pred razpravo na uradnem zasedanju odbora po poteku obdobja za obveščanje. 2. Predlogi za spremembo te konvencije se sprejmejo s sklepom odbora. Sekretariat vse pogodbenice in depozitarja obvesti o vseh predlogih za spremembo, ki jih je sprejel odbor. Depozitar razpošlje vse sprejete spremembe vsem pogodbenicam. 3. Uradno obvestilo o sprejetju spremembe se pošlje depozitarju. Za pogodbenice, ki so poslale tako uradno obvestilo, začne sprejeta sprememba veljati devetdeset dni po dnevu, ko je depozitar prejel uradna obvestila najmanj štirih petin vseh pogodbenic, ki so bile pogodbenice konvencije tisti dan, ko je odbor sprejel predlagano spremembo. Za vse druge pogodbenice začne sprememba veljati devetdeset dni po dnevu deponiranja uradnega obvestila pri depozitarju. Odbor lahko sprejme sklep o spremembi najmanjšega števila uradnih obvestil, ki jih je treba zbrati, da začne veljati posamezna sprememba. Sekretariat sporoči tak sklep vsem pogodbenicam in depozitarju.

1. Vsaka pogodbenica lahko ob koncu leta odpove konvencijo tako, da najmanj 90 dni pred koncem leta depozitarju in odboru pošlje pisno obvestilo o odpovedi. Za tako pogodbenico še vedno velja najmanjša letna obveznost ali obveznosti poročanja, ki jih je sprejela kot pogodbenica te konvencije in jih ni izpolnila do konca tega leta. 2. Pogodbenica lahko kadar koli po začetku veljavnosti te konvencije da predlog za njeno prenehanje. Tak predlog se v pisni obliki predloži sekretariatu, ki ga razpošlje vsem pogodbenicam najmanj šest mesecev pred obravnavo na odboru.

1. Generalni sekretar Združenih narodov je imenovan za depozitarja te konvencije. 2. Depozitar je obveščen o vsakem podpisu, ratifikaciji, sprejetju, odobritvi, obvestilu o začasni uporabi te konvencije in pristopu k njej ter o tem uradno obvesti vse pogodbenice in podpisnice.

Izvirnika te konvencije, katere besedilo v angleškem in francoskem jeziku je enako verodostojno, se deponirata pri generalnem sekretarju Združenih narodov. V POTRDITEV NAVEDENEGA so spodaj podpisani, ki so bili za to pravilno pooblaščeni, podpisali to konvencijo. SKLENJENO v Londonu 25. aprila 2012.

Za izvajanje konvencije skrbita ministrstvo, pristojno za zunanje zadeve in ministrstvo, pristojno za kmetijstvo.

Ta zakon začne veljati petnajsti dan po objavi v Uradnem listu Republike Slovenije – Mednarodne pogodbe. Št. 322-01/14-4/10 Ljubljana, dne 6. marca 2014 EPA 1746-VI Državni zbor Republike Slovenije Janko Veber l.r. Predsednik