Zakon o ratifikaciji Opcijskega protokola h Konvenciji o odpravi vseh oblik diskriminacije žensk (MOPODŽ)

Ratificira se Opcijski protokol h Konvenciji o odpravi vseh oblik diskriminacije žensk, sprejet 6. oktobra 1999 v New Yorku.

Besedilo Opcijskega protokola se v izvirniku v angleškem jeziku in v prevodu v slovenskem jeziku glasi: The States Parties to the present Protocol, Noting that the Charter of the United Nations reaffirms faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person and in the equal rights of men and women, Also noting that the Universal Declaration of Human Rights proclaims that all human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights and that everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth therein, without distinction of any kind, including distinction based on sex, Recalling that the International Covenants on Human Rights and other international human rights instruments prohibit discrimination on the basis of sex, Also recalling the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (»the Convention«), in which the States Parties thereto condemn discrimination against women in all its forms and agree to pursue by all appropriate means and without delay a policy of eliminating discrimination against women, Reaffirming their determination to ensure the full and equal enjoyment by women of all human rights and fundamental freedoms and to take effective action to prevent violation of these rights and freedoms, Have agreed as follows: A State Party to the present Protocol (»State Party«) recognizes the competence of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (»the Committee«) to receive and consider communications submitted in accordance with article 2. Communications may be submitted by or on behalf of individuals or groups of individuals, under the jurisdiction of a State Party, claiming to be victims of a violation of any of the rights set forth in the Convention by that State Party. Where a communication is submitted on behalf of individuals or groups of individuals, this shall be with their consent unless the author can justify acting on their behalf without such consent. Communications shall be in writing and shall not be anonymous. No communication shall be received by the Committee if it concerns a State Party to the Convention that is not a party to the present Protocol. 1. The Committee shall not consider a communication unless it has ascertained that all available domestic remedies have been exhausted unless the application of such remedies is unreasonably prolonged or unlikely to bring effective relief. 2. The Committee shall declare a communication inadmissible where: (a) The same matter has already been examined by the Committee or has been or is being examined under another procedure of international investigation or settlement; (b) It is incompatible with the provisions of the Convention; (c) It is manifestly ill-founded or not sufficiently substantiated; (d) It is an abuse of the right to submit a communication; (e) The facts that are the subject of the communication occurred prior to the entry into force of the present Protocol for the State Party concerned unless those facts continued after that date. 1. At any time after the receipt of a communication and before a determination on the merits has been reached, the Committee may transmit to the State Party concerned for its urgent consideration a request that the State Party take such interim measures as may be necessary to avoid possible irreparable damage to the victim or victims of the alleged violation. 2. Where the Committee exercises its discretion under paragraph 1 of the present article, this does not imply a determination on admissibility or on the merits of the communication. 1. Unless the Committee considers a communication inadmissible without reference to the State Party concerned, and provided that the individual or individuals consent to the disclosure of their identity to that State Party, the Committee shall bring any communication submitted to it under the present Protocol confidentially to the attention of the State Party concerned. 2. Within six months, the receiving State Party shall submit to the Committee written explanation or statements clarifying the matter and the remedy, if any, that may have been provided by that State Party. 1. The Committee shall consider communications received under the present Protocol in the light of all information made available to it by or on behalf of individuals or groups of individuals and by the State Party concerned, provided that this information is transmitted to the parties concerned. 2. The Committee shall hold closed meetings when examining communications under the present Protocol. 3. After examining a communication, the Committee shall transmit its views on the communication, together with its recommendations, if any, to the parties concerned. 4. The State Party shall give due consideration to the views of the Committee, together with its recommendation, if any, and shall submit to the Committee, within six months, a written response, including information on any action taken in the light of views and recommendations of the Committee. 5. The Committee may invite the State Party to submit further information about any measures the State Party has taken in response to its views or recommendations, if any, including as deemed appropriate by the Committee, in the State Party’s subsequent reports under article 18 of the Convention. 1. If the Committee receives reliable information indicating grave or systematic violations by a State Party of rights set forth in the Convention, the Committee shall invite that State Party to cooperate in the examination of the information and to this end to submit observations with regard to the information concerned. 2. Taking into account any observations that may have been submitted by the State Party concerned as well as any other reliable information available to it, the Committee may designate one or more of its members to conduct an inquiry and to report urgently to the Committee. Where warranted and with the consent of the State Party, the inquiry may include a visit to its territory. 3. After examining the findings of such an inquiry, the Committee shall transmit these findings to the State Party concerned together with any comments and recommendations. 4. The State Party concerned shall, within six months of receiving the findings, comments and recommendations transmitted by the Committee, submit its observations to the Committee. 5. Such an inquiry shall be conducted confidentially and the cooperation of the State Party shall be sought at all stages of the proceedings. 1. The Committee may invite the State Party concerned to include in its report under article 18 of the Convention details of any measures taken in response to an inquiry conducted under article 8 of the present Protocol. 2. The Committee may, if necessary, after the end of the period of six months referred to in article 8.4, invite the State Party concerned to inform it of the measures taken in response to such an inquiry. 1. Each State Party may, at the time of signature or ratification of the present Protocol or accession thereto, declare that it does not recognize the competence of the Committee provided for in article 8 and 9. 2. Any State Party having made a declaration in accordance with paragraph 1 of the present article may, at any time, withdraw this declaration by notification to the Secretary-General. A State Party shall take all appropriate steps to ensure that individuals under its jurisdiction are not subjected to ill treatment or intimidation as a consequence of communicating with the Committee pursuant to the present Protocol. The Committee shall include in its annual report under article 21 of the Convention a summary of its activities under the present Protocol. Each State Party undertakes to make widely known and to give publicity to the Convention and the present Protocol and to facilitate access to information about the views and recommendations of the Committee, in particular, on matters involving that State Party. The Committee shall develop its own rules of procedure to be followed when exercising the functions conferred on it by the present Protocol. 1. The present Protocol shall be open for signature by any State that has signed, ratified or acceded to the Convention. 2. The present Protocol shall be subject to ratification by any State that has ratified or acceded to the Convention. Instruments of ratification shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations. 3. The present Protocol shall be open to accession by any State that has ratified or acceded to the Convention. 4. Accession shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument of accession with the Secretary-General of the United Nations. 1. The present Protocol shall enter into force three months after the date of the deposit with the Secretary-General of the United Nations of the tenth instrument of ratification or accession. 2. For each State ratifying the present Protocol or acceding to it after its entry into force, the present Protocol shall enter into force three months after the date of deposit of its own instrument of ratification or accession. No reservations to the present Protocol shall be permitted. 1. Any State Party may propose an amendment to the present Protocol and file it with the Secretary-General of the United Nations. The Secretary-General shall thereupon communicate any proposed amendments to the State Parties with a request that they notify her or him whether they favour a conference of the event that at least one third of the States Parties favour such a conference, the Secretary-General shall convene the conference under the auspices of the United Nations. Any amendment adopted by a majority of the States Parties present and voting at the conference shall be submitted to the General Assembly of the United Nations for approval. 2. Amendments shall come into force when they have been approved by the General Assembly of the United Nations and accepted by a two-thirds majority of the States Parties to the present Protocol in accordance with their respective constitutional processes. 3. When amendments come into force, they shall be binding on those States Parties that have accepted them, other States Parties still being bound by the provisions of the present Protocol and any earlier amendments that they have accepted. 1. Any State Party may denounce the present Protocol at any time by written notification addressed to the Secretary-General of the United Nations. Denunciation shall take effect six months after the date of receipt of the notification by the Secretary-General. 2. Denunciation shall be without prejudice to the continued application of the provisions of the present Protocol to any communication submitted under article 2 or any inquiry initiated under article 8 before the effective date of denunciation. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall inform all States of: (a) Signatures, ratifications and accessions under the present Protocol; (b) The date of entry into force of the present Protocol and of any amendment under article 18; (c) Any denunciation under article 19. 1. The present Protocol, of which the Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts are equally authentic, shall be deposited in the archives of the United Nations. 2. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall transmit certified copies of the present Protocol to all States referred to in article 25 of the Convention. Države pogodbenice tega protokola, ki ugotavljajo, da Ustanovna listina Združenih narodov ponovno potrjuje zaupanje v temeljne človekove pravice, v dostojanstvo in vrednost človeka ter v enake pravice moških in žensk, prav tako ugotavljajo, da Splošna deklaracija o človekovih pravicah razglaša, da se vsi ljudje rodijo svobodni in imajo enako dostojanstvo in enake pravice in da je vsakdo upravičen do uživanja vseh pravic in svoboščin, ki so v njej navedene, brez kakršnega koli razlikovanja, vključno z razlikovanjem, ki temelji na spolu, se sklicujejo na to, da mednarodna pakta o človekovih pravicah in druge mednarodne listine o človekovih pravicah prepovedujejo diskriminacijo, ki temelji na spolu, se nadalje sklicujejo na Konvencijo o odpravi vseh oblik diskriminacije žensk (konvencija), v kateri države pogodbenice obsojajo vse oblike diskriminacije žensk in se strinjajo, da bodo z vsemi ustreznimi sredstvi in brez odlašanja izvajale politiko odpravljanja diskriminacije žensk, ponovno potrjujejo svojo odločenost, da zagotovijo ženskam popolno in enakopravno uživanje vseh človekovih pravic in temeljnih svoboščin ter da učinkovito ukrepajo zato, da preprečijo kršitve teh pravic in svoboščin, so se dogovorile, kot sledi:

Država pogodbenica tega protokola (država pogodbenica) priznava pristojnost Odbora za odpravo diskriminacije žensk (odbor), da sprejema in obravnava sporočila, predložena v skladu z 2. členom.

Sporočila lahko predložijo osebe ali skupine oseb pod jurisdikcijo države pogodbenice, ki trdijo, da so žrtve kršitve katere koli pravice, navedene v konvenciji, ki jo zakrivi ta država pogodbenica, ali se lahko predložijo v njihovem imenu. Če je sporočilo predloženo v imenu oseb ali skupin oseb, morajo te s tem soglašati, razen če lahko avtor upraviči, da ukrepa v njihovem imenu brez takšnega soglasja.

Sporočila morajo biti pisna in ne smejo biti anonimna. Odbor ne sprejme nobenega sporočila, če se nanaša na državo pogodbenico konvencije, ki ni pogodbenica tega protokola.

1. Odbor ne obravnava sporočila, če ni ugotovil, da so bila izčrpana vsa možna notranja pravna sredstva, razen če se z uporabo teh neupravičeno zavlačuje ali ta pravna sredstva verjetno ne bodo dala učinkovite rešitve. 2. Odbor izjavi, da je sporočilo nesprejemljivo, če (a) je odbor isto zadevo že obravnaval ali se je ta obravnavala ali se obravnava v drugem postopku mednarodne preiskave ali poravnave; (b) ni skladno z določbami konvencije; (c) je očitno neutemeljeno ali nezadostno utemeljeno; (d) je to zloraba pravice do predložitve sporočila; (e) so dejstva, ki so predmet sporočila, nastopila pred začetkom veljavnosti tega protokola za zadevno državo pogodbenico, razen če se ta dejstva niso nadaljevala po tem datumu.

1. Kadar koli po prejemu sporočila in preden je sprejeta odločitev o vsebini, lahko odbor zadevni državi pogodbenici pošlje v nujno obravnavo prošnjo, da država pogodbenica sprejme takšne začasne ukrepe, kot so morda potrebni, da bi se izognili možni nepopravljivi škodi za žrtev ali žrtve domnevne kršitve. 2. Če odbor uresničuje svojo pravico do odločanja po prvem odstavku, to ne pomeni odločanja o sprejemljivosti ali o vsebini sporočila.

1. Razen če odbor ne šteje, da je sporočilo nesprejemljivo, ne da bi o tem obvestil zadevno državo pogodbenico, in če oseba ali osebe soglašajo z razkritjem svoje identitete tej državi pogodbenici, odbor o vsakem sporočilu, ki mu je bilo po tem protokolu predloženo, zaupno obvesti zadevno državo pogodbenico. 2. Država pogodbenica, ki prejme obvestilo, v šestih mesecih predloži odboru pisne obrazložitve ali izjave, ki pojasnjujejo zadevo in pravna sredstva, ki jih ima ta država pogodbenica na voljo.

1. Odbor obravnava sporočila, ki jih je prejel po tem protokolu, ob upoštevanju vseh informacij, ki so mu jih dale osebe ali skupine oseb ali so mu bile dane v njihovem imenu ali jih je dala zadevna država pogodbenica pod pogojem, da se te informacije predajo zadevnima stranema. 2. Odbor proučuje sporočila po tem protokolu na sestankih, zaprtih za javnost. 3. Po proučitvi sporočila odbor svoja mnenja o sporočilu skupaj z morebitnimi priporočili preda zadevnima stranema. 4. Država pogodbenica obravnava mnenja in priporočila odbora, če jih je ta dal, in v šestih mesecih odboru predloži pisni odgovor, vključno z informacijami o kakršnih koli ukrepih, sprejetih ob upoštevanju mnenj in priporočil odbora. 5. Odbor lahko državo pogodbenico povabi, da predloži nadaljnje informacije o kakršnih koli ukrepih, ki jih je država pogodbenica sprejela kot odgovor na njegova morebitna mnenja ali priporočila, vključno s tistimi iz poznejših poročil države pogodbenice v skladu z 18. členom konvencije, če se to zdi odboru primerno.

1. Če odbor prejme zanesljive informacije, ki nakazujejo, da država pogodbenica grobo ali sistematično krši pravice, navedene v konvenciji, jo odbor povabi, da sodeluje pri proučitvi informacij in v ta namen predloži svoje ugotovitve. 2. Ob upoštevanju vseh morebitnih ugotovitev, ki mu jih je predložila zadevna država pogodbenica, in vseh drugih zanesljivih informacij, ki so mu na voljo, lahko odbor določi eno ali več svojih članic, da uvedejo preiskavo in odboru nemudoma poročajo. Če je to upravičeno in država pogodbenica s tem soglaša, lahko preiskava vključuje tudi obisk njenega ozemlja. 3. Po proučitvi izsledkov takšne preiskave jih odbor preda zadevni državi pogodbenici skupaj z vsemi pripombami in priporočili. 4. Zadevna država pogodbenica v šestih mesecih po prejemu izsledkov, pripomb in priporočil odbora predloži svoje ugotovitve odboru. 5. Preiskava je zaupna, v vseh stopnjah postopka pa se ta država zaprosi za sodelovanje.

1. Odbor lahko zadevno državo pogodbenico povabi, da v svoje poročilo po 18. členu konvencije vključi podrobnosti o kakršnih koli ukrepih, ki jih je sprejela kot odgovor na preiskavo po 8. členu tega protokola. 2. Če je potrebno, lahko odbor po koncu šestmesečnega obdobja, navedenega v četrtem odstavku 8. člena, povabi zadevno državo pogodbenico, da ga obvesti o ukrepih, sprejetih kot odgovor na takšno preiskavo.

1. Država pogodbenica lahko ob podpisu ali ratifikaciji tega protokola ali ob pristopu k njemu izjavi, da ne priznava pristojnosti odbora, predvidene v 8. in 9. členu. 2. Država pogodbenica, ki je dala izjavo v skladu s prvim odstavkom tega člena, lahko kadar koli umakne to izjavo z uradnim obvestilom generalnemu sekretarju.

Država pogodbenica ukrene vse potrebno, da zagotovi, da osebe pod njeno jurisdikcijo zaradi poročanja odboru po tem protokolu niso izpostavljene grdemu ravnanju ali zastraševanju.

Odbor v svoje letno poročilo po 21. členu konvencije vključi povzetek svojih dejavnosti po tem protokolu.

Država pogodbenica se zaveže, da s konvencijo in tem protokolom seznani širšo javnost ter da olajša dostop do informacij o mnenjih in priporočilih odbora, predvsem o zadevah, ki se nanašajo nanjo.

Odbor sestavi svoj poslovnik, po katerem se mora ravnati pri opravljanju nalog, ki so mu dodeljene s tem protokolom.

1. Ta protokol je na voljo za podpis državi, ki je podpisala in ratificirala konvencijo ali k njej pristopila. 2. Ta protokol lahko ratificira država, ki je ratificirala konvencijo ali k njej pristopila. Listine o ratifikaciji se deponirajo pri generalnem sekretarju Združenih narodov. 3. Ta protokol je na voljo za pristop državi, ki je ratificirala konvencijo ali k njej pristopila. 4. Pristop se opravi z deponiranjem listine o pristopu pri generalnem sekretarju Združenih narodov.

1. Ta protokol začne veljati tri mesece po dnevu deponiranja desete listine o ratifikaciji ali pristopu pri generalnem sekretarju Združenih narodov. 2. Za državo, ki ratificira ta protokol ali pristopi k njemu po začetku njegove veljavnosti, začne ta protokol veljati tri mesece po dnevu deponiranja njene listine o ratifikaciji ali pristopu.

Glede tega protokola niso dovoljeni nobeni pridržki.

1. Država pogodbenica lahko predlaga spremembo tega protokola in jo vloži pri generalnem sekretarju Združenih narodov. Generalni sekretar nato vse predlagane spremembe sporoči državam pogodbenicam in jih prosi, da ga obvestijo, ali podpirajo sklic konference držav pogodbenic za obravnavo predloga in glasovanje o njem. Če vsaj tretjina držav pogodbenic podpira sklic takšne konference, jo generalni sekretar skliče pod pokroviteljstvom Združenih narodov. Sprememba, ki jo sprejme večina držav pogodbenic, ki so prisotne na konferenci in glasujejo, se predloži v odobritev Generalni skupščini Združenih narodov. 2. Spremembe začnejo veljati, ko jih odobri Generalna skupščina Združenih narodov in sprejme z dvetretjinsko večino držav pogodbenic tega protokola v skladu z njihovimi ustavnimi postopki. 3. Ko začnejo spremembe veljati, zavezujejo tiste države pogodbenice, ki so jih sprejele, druge države pogodbenice pa še vedno zavezujejo določbe tega protokola ter vse prejšnje spremembe, ki so jih sprejele.

1. Država pogodbenica lahko kadar koli odpove ta protokol s pisnim obvestilom generalnemu sekretarju Združenih narodov. Odpoved začne veljati šest mesecev po dnevu, ko je generalni sekretar prejel uradno obvestilo. 2. Odpoved ne vpliva na nadaljnjo uporabo določb tega protokola za sporočilo, predloženo po 2. členu, ali preiskavo, sproženo po 8. členu, pred dejanskim dnevom odpovedi.

Generalni sekretar Združenih narodov vse države obvesti o: (a) podpisih, ratifikacijah in pristopih po tem protokolu; (b) dnevu začetka veljavnosti tega protokola ter o vsaki spremembi po 18. členu; (c) vsaki odpovedi po 19. členu.

1. Ta protokol, katerega besedila v angleščini, arabščini, francoščini, kitajščini, ruščini in španščini so enako veljavna, se deponira v arhivu Združenih narodov. 2. Generalni sekretar Združenih narodov preda overjene kopije tega protokola vsem državam, navedenim v 25. členu konvencije.

Za izvajanje Opcijskega protokola skrbi Vlada Republike Slovenije – Urad za enake možnosti.

Ta zakon začne veljati petnajsti dan po objavi v Uradnem listu Republike Slovenije – Mednarodne pogodbe. Št. 540-01/04-23/1 Ljubljana, dne 21. aprila 2004 EPA 1205-III Predsednik Državnega zbora Republike Slovenije Borut Pahor l. r.